Propionyl-L-carnitine (chloride)

Propionyl-L-carnitine is a naturally occurring carnitine derivative formed by carnitine acetyltransferase during β-oxidation of uneven chain fatty acids.[1] Propionyl-L-carnitine increases the basal release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2; Item No. 14010) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α in carrageenan-stimulated isolated rat peritoneal cells contaminated with neutrophils and increases the basal release of thromboxane B2 (TXB2; Item No. 19030) in non-contaminated cells.[1] It reduces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreases the expression of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), NOX4, and ICAM-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). It also increases the rate of revascularization and the hind limb vascular area in a rabbit model of hind limb ischemia when administered at a dose of 10 mg per animal.[2] Propionyl-L-carnitine reduces mitochondrial dysfunction induced by ischemia, preventing mitochondrial calcium overload, and depletion of ATP tissue stores in a rabbit model of ischemia.[3]

Technical Information

Item No.:TX000QSV

Product Name:Propionyl-L-carnitine (chloride)

Description:Propionyl-L-carnitine is a naturally occurring carnitine derivative formed by carnitine acetyltransferase during β-oxidation of uneven chain fatty acids.[1] Propionyl-L-carnitine increases the basal release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2; Item No. 14010) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1α in carrageenan-stimulated isolated rat peritoneal cells contaminated with neutrophils and increases the basal release of thromboxane B2 (TXB2; Item No. 19030) in non-contaminated cells.[1] It reduces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decreases the expression of NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2), NOX4, and ICAM-1 in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). It also increases the rate of revascularization and the hind limb vascular area in a rabbit model of hind limb ischemia when administered at a dose of 10 mg per animal.[2] Propionyl-L-carnitine reduces mitochondrial dysfunction induced by ischemia, preventing mitochondrial calcium overload, and depletion of ATP tissue stores in a rabbit model of ischemia.[3]

Synonyms:CAR 3:0; C3:0 Carnitine; L-Carnitine propionyl ester; Levocarnitine propionate; L-Propionylcarnitine; ST 261; Propionyl-L-carnitine (chloride); Levocarnitine propionate hydrochloride

CAS Number:119793-66-7

MDL:MFCD00274137

Molecular Formula:C10H20ClNO4

Molecular Weight:253.7231

SMILES:C[N+](C)(C)C[C@@H](CC(O)=O)OC(CC)=O.[Cl-]

Solubility:

DMF: 15 mg/ml, DMSO: 20 mg/ml, Ethanol: 25 mg/ml, PBS (pH 7.2): 10 mg/ml

Shipping Condition:

Room temperature in continental US; may vary elsewhere.

References & Citations:

[1]. 1.Garrelds, I.M., Elliott, G.R., Pruimboom, W.M., et al. Effects of carnitine and its congeners on eicosanoid discharge from rat cells: Implications for release of TNFα Mediators Inflamm. 2(7),S57-S62 (1993).

[2]. Stasi, M.A., Scioli, M.G., Arcuri, G., et al. Propionyl-L-carnitine improves postischemic blood flow recovery and arteriogenetic revascularization and reduces endothelial NADPH-oxidase 4-mediated superoxide production Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 30(3),426-435 (2010).

[3]. Ferrari, R., Ceconi, C., Cargnoni, A., et al. The effect of propionyl-L-carnitine on the ischemic and reperfused intact myocardium and on their derived mitochondria Cardiovasc. Drugs Ther. 5 (Suppl 1),57-65 (1991).

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